Simultaneous Equations

5 minQuiz at the end

What are Simultaneous Equations?

Simultaneous equations are two (or more) equations that are both true at the same time. The solution is the pair of values (x, y) that satisfy both equations.

Method 1: Elimination

Add or subtract equations to eliminate one variable:

x + y = 7 …① x - y = 3 …⑑

β‘ + β‘‘: 2x = 10 β†’ x = 5 Substitute into β‘ : 5 + y = 7 β†’ y = 2

Solution: x = 5, y = 2 βœ“

Method 2: Substitution

Rearrange one equation and substitute into the other:

y = 2x …① x + y = 9 …⑑

Substitute β‘ intoβ‘‘: x + 2x = 9 β†’ 3x = 9 β†’ x = 3 From β‘ : y = 2(3) = 6

Solution: x = 3, y = 6 βœ“

Method 3: Graphical

Plot both lines on the same axes. The intersection point is the solution.

Number of Solutions

SituationSolutions
Lines crossOne unique solution
Lines are parallel (same gradient, different intercept)No solution
Lines are identicalInfinitely many solutions